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潘悟云 - 2006-4-4 9:53:00
      为了提升上海地区语言学研究生的培养水平,调动全市的语言学师资资源,以吸引全 国的语言学考生,希望上海各高校的研究生导师公布自己的授课计划,让全市的研究生们 选修。
金立鑫 - 2006-4-4 10:09:00
    欢迎外校同学旁听我的课。本学期开设:“语言研究方法论”课,主要内容如下(会有一些 调整): 第一章    语言学是一门经验学科 §1.0  引言 §1.1  语言学的科学性及其科学地位     1.1.1  语言学是当代科学体系中的瓶颈科学     1.1.2. 科学的基本特征与语言学的科学特征     1.1.3. 语言学中的非科学、伪科学、反科学     §1.2  关于语言学的科学理论     1.2.1  什么是语言学理论?     1.2.2语言学理论的形成     1.2.3  语言学理论对语言现象的解释 §1.3  关于语言学的科学研究方法 1.3.1  逻辑实证     1.3.2  实验的方法     §1.4  结语     第二章    研究旨趣     §2.0引言     §2.1 取向论     2.1.1  语言学中的求知驱动型研究     2.1.2  应用驱动型研究     §2.2 信仰论     §2.3 目标论     第三章    一般方法     §3.0引言     §3.1 逻辑论     3.1.1  归纳     3.1.2  演绎     3.1.3 溯因     §3.2  数据论     3.2.1    统计     3.2.2    语料库的利用     §3.3 本位论     第四章    语法学和语音学的分析工具 §4.0引言     §4.1 相对客观的工具性概念     §4.2 相对主观的工具性概念     4.2.1 同一个工具不同的理论有不同的用法     4.2.2 不同的理论学派所采用的工具不尽相同      第五章  语义学和语用学中的分析工具 §5.0引言 §5.1 词义分析的工具     §5.2 句义分析的工具 §5.3  语用学的分析工具     第六章    传统和近现代语法学的分析技术 §6.1  传统语言学的析句方法 §6.2  结构主义语言学的思路和分析方法 §6.3  依存语法和配价语法的思路及其操作方法 第七章    当代语言学的理论和技术     §7.1 生成语言学的思路和操作方法 7.1.1 出发点和途径 7.1.2 划分子语类和选择限制 7.1.3 转换规则     7.1.4 成分俯瞰     7.1.5 管辖     7.1.6 约束 7.1.7 最简方案是什么 §7.2 格语法的思路和操作方法     7.2.1缘起和基本思路 7.2.2确定格的原则和方法     7.2.3格语法所遇到的困难     §7.3 功能主义以及认知语言学的理论和技术 7.3.1什么是语言研究中的功能主义?     7.3.2 语篇功能语言学     7.3.3 功能主义认知语言学     7.3.4 构式语法     7.3.5基于认知处理的同步组块操作     §7.4 语言类型学及其理论和方法     7.4.1  语言类型学的发展     7.4.2 现代语言类型学的蕴涵共性研究     7.4.3 语言共性对语言特异性的解释     7.4.4 语言类型学对语言共性的解释     7.4.5  生成语言学、功能语言学、语言类型学     第八章   语义学和语用学的分析技术     §8.1  词义分析     8.1.1 定义的方法     8.1.2 义素分析的方法     8.1.3 语义场的分析方法     8.1.4 语义公设的操作方法 §8.2  句义分析     8.2.1 句子语义的构成     8.2.2 命题的语义描写     8.2.3 态度及其语义描写 §8.3  言内语义推导     8.3.1 命题的真值推导     8.3.2  命题的语义推导     §8.4  言外之意推导     第九章  描写     9.1 描写的目标     9.2  描写语言事实的几条基本原则     9.2.1 材料有效     9.2.2 逻辑周延     9.2.3 对象充分 9.2.4 方法简洁     9.3 描写的方法     9.3.1 描写的基本单位:最小对立对     9.3.2 描写技术举例     9.3.3    提高描写效度的策略     第十章  理论和解释 10.1 什么是理论 10.2 语言学理论对语言事实的解释选例     10.2.1    板块理论和同步组块理论     10.2.2    轨层理论     10.2.3    语义靠近理论     10.2.4    外大内小理论 10.2.5    可别度领先理论     10.2.6    距离标记对应理论     10.2.7    时间顺序理论     10.2.8    关联标记理论     10.2.9 韵律句法理论     10.2.10高调亲密理论     10.2.11元音内在时长理论     10.2.12汉语元音大转移和舌位复初理论     10.2.13    浊爆音消失顺序的空气动力学理论     10.2.14音义临摹理论     10.3 理论解释的层次及某些哲学解释
陈忠敏 - 2006-4-4 10:10:00
Experimental Phonology and Sound Changes Time/Location:         TBA Instructor:            陈忠敏Che܁n, Zhoʮngmǐn [tʂʰən35 tʂʊŋ55 min 214] E-mail address:         zhongminchen7@hotmail.com Purpose and goals:     This course is designed with a practical goal: to train students in the techniques of experimental phonetic in order to prepare them for more advance research in phonetics and phonology within linguistics, speech technology, communication disorders, and language acquisition. It will give training in the production, perception, physiological and acoustic description and cover acoustic properties of major classes of speech sounds, the acoustic theory of speech production, methods of acoustic analysis and synthesis of speech, techniques in speech perception research, sampling aerodynamic and other physiological parameters (vocal cord vibration, lung volume). Elementary statistics will be presented as well as ways of reporting and presenting the results of experimental students to the scientific community.      Prerequisites:     Auditors are welcome. Students enrolled for credit should have finished Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology which I taught last quarter.     Since this is a bilingual course (required text, reading materials, homework assignments, project introduction written in English; but don’t worry, you could use Chinese to answer questions and write the project, etc.), a good English-reading ability is obligatorily required for all students who enroll in the course.        Course work and Computation of grade:      Course work will consist of (1) participation in class discussions and class demonstrations of experimental techniques, (2) five short assigned research topics as homework; each of which will require a short written report. There are no mid and final exams.     Homework assignments will be distributed in class and due at the beginning of class on the following week. Because solutions to assigned exercises will be discussed in class on the day that the homework is due, late homework is unacceptable; missed assignments cannot be made up. You are welcome to collaborate on homework with other students, but you must write up your assignments by yourself and you must acknowledge all collaborators. Failure to do so constitutes plagiarism.     It is a good idea to look through an assignment at the beginning of the week before it is due, and to try to think of solutions to the questions that are not explicitly assigned as well as those that are. They can be a guide to what material will be emphasized in the lectures. In writing up the assigned questions, keep in mind that these are exercises to practice knowledge; they are not mini take-home tests. So, don’t agonize over any single particularly difficult question at the expense of other. Points will be taken off if the assignment is incomplete or carelessly done, but points will not be taken off honest effort yielded incorrect results. Required texts: Clark, John & Yallop, Colin 1996. Introduction to phonetics and phonology.         Second edition, Blackwell     此书作为“当代国外语言学与应用语言 学文库”的一种在         中国外语教学与研究出版社出版 Recommended: Borden G. J., Harris K. S & Raphael L. J. 2003 Speech Science Primer, Physiology, Acoustics, and Perception of Speech (4th ed)  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Catford, J. C. 1977. Fundamental Problems in Phonetics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Hardcastle, William J. & John Laver ed. 1997. The Handbook of Phonetic Sciences. Blackwell. Johnson Keith 2003. Acoustic & Auditory Phonetics.  Second edition, Blackwell. Ladefoged, Peter 1996. Elements of Acoustic Phonetics (2th ed.).  The University of Chicago Press Ladefoged, Peter 2001. A Course in Phonetics (4th ed.).  Harcourt Brace, & Jovanovitch. Ladefoged, Peter & Maddieson, Ian 1996. The Sounds of the World’s Languages. Blackwell. Ladefoged, Peter 2001. Vowels and Consonants, An Introduction to the Sounds of Languages.                     Blackwell. Lieberman, Philip, and Sheila Blumstein 1988. Speech Physiology and Acoustic Phonetics.                     Cambridge University Press. Pickett, J. M. 1999. The Acoustics of Speech Communication: Fundamentals, Speech Perception                 Theory and Technology.  Allyn and Bacon. Stevens, Kenneth 1999. Acoustic Phonetics. MIT Press. 曹剑芬1990 《现代语音学基础知识》人民教育出版社 林焘、王理嘉 1992《语音学教程》北京大学出版社 罗常培、王均1956 《普通语音学纲要》科学出版社,2002商务印书馆修订本 王士元1983 “实验语音学讲座”《语言学论丛》第11辑,商务印书馆 吴宗济、林茂灿主编1989 《实验语音学概要》高等教育出版社 Supplementary materials including selected chapters from books, reviews, publications, and articles of interest will be provided as needed in the form of handouts in class. Tentative Schedule: >
                                                                                                                                                  
      

WEEK OF

      

Topic

      

Readings;       Assignments

      

1:

      

TBA

      

Bureaucratic preliminaries;       

      

Topic 1         Brief history of experimental phonetics

      

Topic 2         Anatomy and physiology of sound production, and sound changes       

      

a.             The lungs and speech       production

      

b.             The larynx and speech       production

      

      

Clark       & Yallop,       Ch.       11

      

and Ch.       6

      

      

2:

      

TBA

      

Topic 2         Anatomy and physiology of sound production, and sound changes       (cont.)

      

c.             The supralaryngeal vocal       tract and speech production

      

d.             Aerodynamic voicing and vocal       tract constraints            &n bsp;         and sound changes

      

e.             Aerodynamic       investigations

      

      

Supplementary material       1

      

Assignment 1

      

3:

      

TBA

      

Topic 3         Basic acoustics and acoustic filters

      
            
  1. The sensation of         sound
  2.         
  3. The propagation of         sound
  4.         
  5. Types of         sounds
  6.         
  7. Acoustic         filters
      

Topic 4         The acoustic theory of speech       production:

      

a.             Deriving       schwa

      

b.             Other vowel       production

      

           Using Praat for phonetic research 1

      

      

Clark       & Yallop,       Ch. 7       (7.1-7.15)

      

Assignment 2

      

4:

      

TBA

      

Topic 4         The acoustic theory of speech production       (cont.)

      

c.             Fricative       production

      

d.             Stops and affricate       production

      

e.             Nasal and lateral       production

      

f.               Tone       production

      

Using Praat for phonetic research       2

      

      

Clark       & Yallop,       Ch. 7       (7.16-7.19)

      

Assignment 3

      

5:

      

TBA

      

Topic       5  Speech       perception

      

a.             Anatomy of the peripheral       auditory

      

b.             The characteristics of speech       perception

      

Using Praat for phonetic research       3

      

      

Clark       & Yallop,       Ch. 8       (8.1-8.12)

      

Assignment 4

      

6:

      

TBA

      

      

Topic 5         Speech perception (cont.)

      

c.             Speech perception       experiments

      

d.             Theories of speech       perception

      

      

Clark       & Yallop,       Ch. 8       (8.1-8.12)

      

Assignment 5

      

7:

      

TBA

      

Review

      



潘悟云
2006-04-04
Web Resources:    IPA fonts http://www.sil.org/computing/fonts                         http://www.eastling.org                 IPA Help http://www.sil.org/computing/speechtools                 Speech Analysis Software: Praat   http://fonsg3.hum.uva.nl/praat
陈忠敏 - 2006-4-4 10:20:00
Comparative and Historical Linguistics Time/Location:         TBA Instructor:            陈忠敏Chen, Zhongmin [tƧn35 tƧ 55 min214] E-mail address:         zhongminchen7@hotmail.com Description This course is primarily for students with an elementary knowledge of general linguistics who need an up-to-date introduction to historical linguistics, particularly to new developments in the theory and practice of historical linguistics after 1950 in USA. The course will cover methods of reconstruction; types and explanations of language change; dialectology; the establishment of language relationships and subgroupings. Prerequisite: Auditors are welcome. Students enrolled for credit should have finished 语言学 概论、现代汉语、古代汉语、汉语音韵学 and Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology which I taught last year.     Since this is a bilingual course (reading materials, homework assignments, midterm and final exams written in English; but don’t worry, you could use Chinese to answer questions, do homework, exams etc.), a good English-reading ability is obligatorily required for all students who enroll in the course. Requirements and Grading: 7 homework assignments            70%             10 points each One in-class Final Exam                30%                 30 points                                 (100% total)         (100 points total) Homework: Homework assignments will be distributed in class and due at the beginning of class on the following week. Late homework is unacceptable; missed assignments cannot be made up. You are welcome to collaborate on homework as long as you write up and turn in your assignments on your own and clearly acknowledge all your collaborators. Failure to do so constitutes plagiarism. Reading: The textbook is Trask’s Historical Linguistics which you should read in its entirety. Lecture power point should be reviewed carefully every time after the lecture. Your homework assignments will include some of the Exercises of the textbook, and the material discussed in the chapters of the textbook and power point slide shows will play a major role in your understanding my lectures and your exams. Details on the reading schedule of textbook are shown below. In addition, supplementary materials including selected chapters from books, reviews, publications, and articles of interest will be provided as needed in the form of handouts in class. Required texts: Trask, R. L. 1996. Historical Linguistics. Edward Arnold (Publishers) Limited 此书作为“当代国外语言学与应用语言学文库”的一种于2000年在中国外语教学与研究出 版社出版 Recommended: Brian D. Joseph and Richard D. Janda 2003. The Handbook of Historical Linguistics. Blackwell Campbell, Lyle. 1999. Historical Linguistics. An Introduction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Coulmas, Florian 2003. Writing Systems. An Introduction to their Linguistic Analysis. Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge University Press. Fox, Anthony. 1995. Linguistic Reconstruction, An Introduction to Theory and Method. Oxford University Press. Hock, Hans Henrich 1992. Principles of Historical Linguistics. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Mouton de Gruyter. Hock, Hans Henrich and Brian D. Joseph. 1996. Language History, Language Change, and Language Relationship: An Introduction to Historical and Comparative Linguistics. New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Labov, William. 1994. Principles of Linguistic Change: Internal Factors. Oxford: Blackwell. Lass, Roger. 1997. Historical Linguistics and Language Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lehmann, Windred P. 1992. Historical Linguistics: An Introduction 3rd ed. New York: Routledge. 此书作为“当代国外语言学与应用语言学文库”的一种于2000年在中国外语教学与研究出 版社出版 Robins, R. H. 1997. A Short History of Linguistics. 4th ed. Addison Wesley Longman Limited. 此书作为“当代国外语言学与应用语言学文库”的一种于2001年在中国外语教学与研究出 版社出版 Thomason, Sarah Gray & Terence Kaufmann 1988. Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics, Berkeley: University of California Press. 徐通锵1991《历史语言学》商务印书馆。 Tentative Schedule:
                                                                                                                                                                                                        
      

WEEK OF

      

Topic

      

Readings;       Assignments

      

1:

      

TBA

      

Bureaucratic preliminaries;       

      

Topic 1. What is the Historical Linguistics about        

      

 

      

2:

      

TBA

      

Topic 2. The causes of sound       change

      

Trask Ch.       1-2

      

Assignment 1

      

3:

      

TBA

      

Topic 3. The effects of sound       change

      

Trask Ch.       3-4

      

Assignment 2

      

4:

      

TBA

      

Topic 4. Paradigmatic       change

      

 

      

Trask Ch.       5

      

Assignment 3

      

5: National holiday

      

TBA

      

 

      

 

      

6:

      

TBA

      

Topic 5. Change in       meaning

      

Topic 6. Syntactic       change

      

Assignment 4

      

7:

      

TBA

      

Topic 7. Basic reconstruction methodology

      

Trask Ch.       8-9

      

Assignment 5

      

8:

      

TBA

      

Topic 8. Subgrouping and       classification

      

Topic 9. Language contact       

      

Trask Ch.       7

      

supplementary material       1

      

Assignment 6

      

9:

      

TBA

      

Topic 10. The short history of Indo-European       historical linguistics

      

Trask Ch.       7

      

Assignment 7

      

10:

      

TBA

      

FINAL EXAM

      

 

 

潘悟云
2006-04-04
Web Resources:    IPA fonts http://www.sil.org/computing/fonts                         http://www.eastling.org                 IPA Help http://www.sil.org/computing/speechtools                 Speech Analysis Software: Praat   http://fonsg3.hum.uva.nl/praat
陈忠敏 - 2006-4-4 10:30:00
Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology Time/Location:         TBA Instructor:            陈忠敏Chen, Zhongmin [tƧn35 tƧ 55 min214] E-mail address:         zhongminchen7@hotmail.com Purpose and goals:         The aim of the course is to provide the student with the practical skills and the conceptual framework to do further work in phonetics and phonology, especially as this involves sound change, speech perception, and psycholinguistics of phonology. It will give training in the production, perception, physiological description, and accepted IPA transcription of the speech sounds used in the languages of the world. The course will also cover how phonetics and phonology may be practiced in an integrated way in such traditional concerns as the phonological reconstruction of a language’s history and explaining phonological universals (of segment inventories, of sound sequencing) as well as in the newer domains of speech technology and the psycholinguistics of phonology. Prerequisites:     Auditors are welcome. Students enrolled for credit should have finished 语言学概论(语音部分)、现代汉语(语音部分)、汉语音韵学, or learned some knowledge of phonetics and phonology.     Since this is a bilingual course (reading materials, homework assignments, midterm and final exams written in English; but don’t worry, you could use Chinese to answer questions, do homework, exams etc.), a good English-reading ability is obligatorily required for all students who enroll in the course.        Course work and Computation of grade:     Students enrolled for credit should do the reading and participate in class every time. In addition, there will be five homework assignments, an in- class midterm, and a final exam. Each of the four assignments will be worth 10% of the course grade (for a total of 40%); the midterm will be worth 20% of the course grade; and the final exam will be worth 40% of the course grade.     Homework assignments will be distributed in class and due at the beginning of class on the following week. Late homework is unacceptable; missed assignments cannot be made up. You are welcome to collaborate on homework with other students, but you must write up your assignments by yourself and you must acknowledge all collaborators. Failure to do so constitutes plagiarism. Lectures:     Typical lectures will discuss general issues with reference to specific data that may appear on a handout and power point slides. Two hour lectures will be deductive: proceeding from principles or goals, we will elucidate issues that stem from a central concern. One hour lectures will be inductive: starting with a specific puzzle, problem, homework answer explanation or set of linguistic facts, we will see where it takes us. You are responsible for taking good notes on the relation of data to general issues, since exams will contain questions about data used in lecture. Required texts: Clark, John & Yallop, Colin 1996. Introduction to phonetics and phonology.         Second edition, Blackwell     此书作为“当代国外语言学与应用语言 学文库”的一种在         中国外语教学与研究出版社出版 Recommended: The International Phonetic Association 1999. Handbook of the International Phonetic Association—A         guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge University Press. Catford, J. C. 1977. Fundamental Problems in Phonetics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Johnson Keith 2003. Acoustic & Auditory Phonetics.  Second edition, Blackwell. Ladefoged, Peter 1996. Elements of acoustic phonetics (2th ed.).  The University of Chicago Press Ladefoged, Peter 2001. A course in phonetics (4th ed.).  Harcourt Brace, & Jovanovitch. Ladefoged, Peter & Maddieson, Ian 1996. The sounds of the world’s languages. Blackwell. Ladefoged, Peter 2001. Vowels and Consonants, An Introduction to the Sounds of Languages.                     Blackwell. Lieberman, Philip, and Sheila Blumstein 1988. Speech Physiology and Acoustic Phonetics.                     Cambridge University Press. Pickett, J. M. 1999. The Acoustics of Speech Communication: Fundamentals, Speech Perception                 Theory and Technology.  Allyn and Bacon. Stevens, Kenneth 1999. Acoustic Phonetics. MIT Press. 曹剑芬 1990 《现代语音基础知识》人民教育出版社 林焘、王理嘉 1992. 《语音学教程》北京大学出版社 罗常培、王均1956 《普通语音学纲要》科学出版社,2002商务印书馆修订本 王士元1983 “实验语音学讲座”《语言学论丛》第11辑,商务印书馆 吴宗济、林茂灿主编1989 《实验语音学概要》高等教育出版社 Supplementary materials including selected chapters from books, reviews, publications, and articles of interest will be provided as needed in the form of handouts in class. Tentative Schedule:
                                                                                                                                                                                      
      

WEEK OF

      

Topic

      

Readings;       Assignments

      

1:

      

TBA

      

Bureaucratic preliminaries;       

      

Topic 1        Writing systems and phonetics.

      

Clark & Yallop, Ch.       1-2

      

 

      

2:

      

TBA

      

Topic 2  Anatomical system of speech:       

      
            
  1. Subglottal vocal tract,         
  2.         
  3. Phonation types—larynx and vocal         folds.
      

Clark       & Yallop,       Ch.       6

      

 

      

3:

      

TBA

      

Topic 2  Anatomical system of speech       (cont.):         

      
            
  1. supraglottal vocal         tract.
      

Topic 3  Vowels, consonants,       tones.

      

Clark       & Yallop,       Ch. 6,       3

      

Assignment 1

      

4:

      

TBA

      

Topic 3        Vowels, consonants, tones (cont.)

      

Clark       & Yallop,       Ch.       3

      

Assignment 2

      

5:

      

National Holiday

      

 

      

 

      

6:

      

TBA

      

MID-TERM EXAM;

      

 

      

7:

      

TBA

      

Topic 5        Phonology

      
            
  1. Segments in contrast
  2.         
  3. Phonemes and         allophones
      

Clark & Yallop, Ch.       4-5

      

Assignment 3

      

8:

      

TBA

      

Topic 5        Phonology (cont.)

      
            
  1. Phonetic and phonemic         transcription
  2.         
  3. Above the segment: syllables and         tones
  4.         
  5. Features
  6.         
  7. review
      

Supplementary materials

      

Assignment 4

      

9:

      

TBA

      

FINAL EXAM

      

 

 

潘悟云
2006-04-04
Web Resources:    IPA fonts http://www.sil.org/computing/fonts                         http://www.eastling.org                 IPA Help http://www.sil.org/computing/speechtools                 Speech Analysis Software: Praat   http://fonsg3.hum.uva.nl/praat Important Notes: Since my lecture PPT and homework have been prepared for many years and different IPA fonts may be used, you should install the following three types of IPA fonts: SIL IPA93 (free download from http://www.sil.org/computing/fonts); IPAPANNEW and IpaPanADD (free download from http://www.eastling.org) in your personal computers if you want to read or print the material.
陶寰 - 2006-4-6 23:55:00
现代汉语方言调查 (field method) 学分数2  周学时2 教学目的与要求: 课程性质:本课程是汉语方言学、汉语方言研究等课程的基础,也是语言研究的基础课程 之一。它的目的在于让学生掌握调查语言,收集语料的基本技能,具有很强的实践性。 基本内容:1.方言调查的基本要求、方法、过程。2.国际音标训练。3.调查表介绍。 4.课程记音实习。 基本要求:1.熟练掌握国际音标,并能用它准确地进行语音记录。2.熟悉《方言调查字 表》。3.了解方言调查和语言调查的要求、方法和过程。4.掌握音位归纳法。5.学会汉 语方言资料整理、方言调查报告写作的规范。 教学方式:课堂教学和田野调查相结合。闭卷考试和调查报告整理。 参考教材: 1.自编 2.丁声树、李荣,《汉语音韵讲义》,上海教育出版社1984年 3.中国社会科学院语言研究所,《方言调查字表》,商务印书馆1999年 4.游汝杰,《汉语方言学教程》,上海教育出版社2004年 5.詹伯慧(主编),《汉语方言及方言调查》,湖北教育出版社 6.许宝华、汤珍珠(主编),《上海市区方言志》,上海教育出版社1988年 教学内容 绪论  方言调查和方言研究 第一章  方言调查的六要素 第二章  国际音标训练 第三章    调查点的选择和发音人的确定     一、    调查点和发音人的一般要求     二、    方言地理学中调查点的确定     三、    社会语言学中发音人的选择     四、    方言语法调查发音人的确定 第四章    调查方式的选择     一、    间接调查     二、    直接调查     三、    隐身调查     四、    辅助手段的使用 第五章    调查表的制作     一、    调查表制作的原则     二、    《切韵》音系和《方言调查字表》     三、    词汇调查表     四、    语法调查表的设计 第六章    记音的技巧和音系归纳     一、    记音的原则和技巧     二、    口语音的发掘     三、    音位归纳的原则 第七章    调查报告的编写     一、    调查报告的内容     二、    音系整理的规范     三、    词汇语法材料的整理要求 (暑期)田野调查实习(为期15天:8月15日至8月30日) 编写者:陶寰(副教授)             编写时间:2005年1月
潘悟云 - 2006-4-7 0:03:00
    田野调查不仅是一门知识,更是一门技能,能教这门课的老师越来越少。陶寰老师是 少数精通这门课的人之一。他每年暑期都会带学生到外地进行田野调查实习。愿意学习这 门技能的同学,请直接在网上与陶寰老师联系。
boshousheng - 2006-4-7 12:17:00
其他的表格,词汇、语法等,都可以用另外的形式去用纸质记录。 谢谢潘老师指导回复!
潘悟云 - 2006-4-13 8:23:00
第一、培养目标: 一、了解汉语从上古到现代的演变历史 二、汉藏历史比较的基本内容 三、通过声符推出汉字的上古韵部 四、根据一个字的上古韵部、上古韵部所含的中古韵母以及中古韵母的现代读音,推导一 个汉字的中古韵母。     一个学生如果只是学到一些音韵学的基本知识,而不是掌握基本汉字的上古、中古、 近代的音韵地位,实际上还是不可能把音韵学知识运用于汉语研究。其中最关键的是中古 的韵母。本课程的核心内容是通过规则推导,而不是死记硬背,让学生记住基本汉字的中 古音。根据我这几年的教学实践,效果非常好,记中古的音韵地位有点像智力游戏,不枯 燥。最重要的,通过规则记忆,才是语言学的方法。举“胡、居、者、煮”四个字为例。     1、它们分别有声符“古”与“者”。我们首先让学生记住每个上古韵部的有限声符, 知道这两个声符都属于上古的鱼部。     2、让学生知道上古鱼部到中古只有遇假两摄(有个别支韵字另外处理)。     3、让学生知道遇摄有中古音一等模、三等虞鱼;假摄有麻韵二等与三等。     4、遇摄在普通话只有u、y两个读音,用“遇姑”二字概括。读u的字,如果是唇齿 音,一定是虞韵,如果是翘舌音就是鱼韵,其他是模韵。如果读y一定是虞鱼韵。     5、假摄在普通话有ia、ua、ɤ、ie、a五个读音,用“假花遮野茶”五字概括。主元音 是a的为二等,其他是三等。     6、根据上面这几条规则,实际上就可以推导出“胡”是模韵,“者”是麻韵三等, “煮”是鱼韵。“居”可能是虞,也可能是鱼。我们在教学过程中告诉学生,上古鱼部 中,虞韵只出现于圆唇舌根音,而且只有少数几个声符,把这几个声符记住,就知道 “居”是鱼韵,不是虞韵。     当然,会有少数字例外。也有一些字不可能推导出最终的中古音韵地位,但是至少能 推导出音韵地位的范围,这对于汉语研究来说往往已经足够了。 第二、教学内容 一、汉语与汉藏语的语音概论     1、音节,主要音节与次要音节     2、复辅音类型     3、元音类型 二、理论基础     1、历史比较语言学的基础理论     2、词汇扩散理论     3、历史层次分析     4、音变的普遍现象     5、《切韵》及其音系基础     6、反切行为与反切原则     7、谐声行为与谐声原则 三、中古汉语的音韵结构以及与现代汉语的语音对应关系     本课程的重点内容之一,要求强制训练。目标:根据一个汉字的中古音韵地位,就能 得出普通话的读音 四、上古汉语的韵部与谐声系列     本课程的重点内容之一,要求强制训练。目标:记住每个韵部的声符,根据一个谐声 字的声符得出上古的韵部 五、上古汉语的韵母与中古汉语    韵母的对应关系     本课程的重点内容之一,要求强制训练。目标:     1、强制记住上古韵母与中古韵母的对照表     2、通过每个上古韵母所含的中古韵母,以及中古韵母与普通话的对应关系,推导一个 汉字的中古音。 六、上古汉语的声母     1、上古汉语的声母结构     2、上古汉语的介音、冠音     3、上古汉语的清流音与清鼻音     4、上古汉语的鼻音     5、上古汉语的小舌音 七、声调的上古来源 八、汉语与藏语的历史比较     1、要求熟悉藏文的转写,在这个基础上学会利用藏文文献     2、每个上古韵部与藏文的同源词进行历史比较 九、近代汉语的音韵结构以及与中古汉语的对应关系     附讲内容:八思巴字的转写
ysy - 2006-4-13 22:11:00
潘悟云 - 2006-4-15 19:49:00
表中的代号:K代表中古的舌根音与喉音,W代表唇音与上古圆唇的舌根音,R代表中古的知 庄组,T代表中古知庄组以外的舌齿音
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
      

 

      

长元音>中 古一二四等

      

短元音>中 古三等

      

*C(l)-

      

*Cr-

      

*C(l)-

      

*Cr-

      

a

      

(WKT)              

      

(WKR

      

(W)(KT)T

      

(W)(KR)

      

ak

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(WKT)(T)

      

(K) (R)

      

aN

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(WKT)

      

(WK)(R)

      

e

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

A (WK)支 (T

      

B(WK)(R)

      

ek

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(WKT

      

B (WK)(R)

      

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(WKT

      

(WK)(R)

      

o

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

虞 (WKT

      

(WKR

      

ok

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

烛 (WKT

      

(WKR

      

oŋ

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

锺 (WKT

      

(WKR

      

ɯ

      

(W)(KT)

      

(WKR

      

(W)(m) (KT

      

B (WK)(R)

      

ɯk

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(W) (KT

      

(WKR)

      

ɯŋ

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(W)(KT

      

(WK)(m)(R)

      

i

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

A(WK)脂 (T

      

B (WK)脂 (R

      

ik

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

A (WK)质 (T

      

B (WK)质 (R

      

iŋ

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

A (WK)真 (T

      

B (WK)真 (R

      

u

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(WKT)(P) (m)

      

(WK)尤 (R

      

uk

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(WKT)

      

B (WKR

      

uŋ

      

(WKT)

      

(WKR

      

(WKT) 東一 (m)

      

B (WKR

 

 

潘悟云
2006-04-15
陶寰 - 2006-4-16 18:26:00
复旦大学的“现代汉语方言调查”一般是上半年,也就是第二学期(三年级),研究生的 课程叫“方言调查与研究”,同时开课(研究生一年级第二学期)。
陆丙甫 - 2006-4-20 20:28:00
《语言类型学》课程提纲 宗旨 当代语言类型学是功能语言学派中一个重要的流派。它通过对广泛的跨语言比较归纳 人类语言共性的方法,跟生成语法通过抽象演绎寻找人类语言共性的方法针锋相对。 本课程对当代语言类型学理论作深入的介绍。通过这门课程,可以开阔学生语言研究 的视野,掌握语言研究的一些基本逻辑方法。 主要内容 1.一般背景介绍     1.1.传统语言类型学     1.2.当代语言类型学         1.2.1  当代类型学跟传统类型学的基本差别         1.2.2. 当代类型学和形式学派的异同         1.2.3. 当代类型学对语序的重视     1.3.语序的基本功能解释         1.3.1. 三大功能性语序原理         1.3.2. 对语义靠近原理的具体化:轨层结构         1.3.3. 对信息流方向原理的引申:可别度领前原理         1.3.4. 从互相竞争到互相作用     1. 4. 标记及其功能解释         1.4.1. 标记分类         1.4.2  前、后置标记的重要区别         1.4.3  语义标记分布的基本功能解释 1. 5.结语:语序类型和形态标记的相关性 2.蕴涵共性和语序             2.1.Greenberg 的蕴含共性         2.1.1 蕴含共性的实践价值         2.1.2 蕴含共性的定义和表达式         2.1.3 蕴含共性的基本功能解释     2.2.“四缺一”格局的逻辑价值         2.2.1 蕴含共性和“四缺一”模式         2.1.2 “四缺一”模式的逻辑价值     2.3.和谐及其认知解释         2.3.1. 和谐的扩展和一般功能解释         2.3.2. 避免多层“中心镶嵌”结构和歧义         2.3.3. “直接成分尽早确立”原理     2.4  优势及其功能解释         2.4.1 语序优势研究的历史         2.4.2 信息流角度的解释         2.4.3 重量顺序解释         2.5.4 联系项原理         2.5.5 时间、事理顺序[戴浩一理论]         2.5.6 句子解析(parsing)难度         2.5.7 标记居末原理         2.5.8 从语序优势到其他优势现象(标记论,需要程度) 2.5.Greenberg 45条语言共性的基本解释 2.6.结语     主要参考资料 一. Greenberg, J.H. 1966. Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements.  Universal of Language. ed. J.H. Greenberg (second edition), 73-113.  Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. 中译文“某些 主要跟语序有关的语法普遍现象”(陆丙甫、陆致极译)《国外语言学》1984(2):45-60, 二. 刘丹青 2003 《语序类型学与介词理论》,北京:商务印书馆 特别是其中前面四章的基础理论介绍。 三. Comrie, Bernard. 1989. Language Universals & Linguistic Typology (2nd. Ed.). The University of Chicago Press. 此书有沈家煊中文译本,华夏出版社1989年出版。 四. Croft, William. 2003. Typology and Universals. Second Edition, Cambridge: University Press.  该书1990 第一版有外研社引进原文版,前面有沈家煊的导读,读起 来比较容易。但第二版修改增补内容甚多,有条件的话最好能直接读第二版。
陈忠敏 - 2006-4-21 0:00:00
有学生发e-mail来问我的课何时、何地开,以及其他相关事宜。我在这里作一答复。三门 课将在上海大学每年的9月初至1月中开。由于上海大学是一年四学期制,每学期大概10周 时间,Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology为一年级研究生开,Comparative and Historical Linguisitcs为二年级研究生开,这两门课都放在第一学期(9月初到11月 初),Experimental Phonology and Sound Change放在第二学期(11月初到1月中)开 设。上课的语言是汉语,只是所有的作业、材料、教科书、ppt等是英文的,所以不要害 怕,欢迎来上课。我同时在浙江大学也开设Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology和 Experimental Phonology and Sound Change,在杭州的同学也欢迎到浙大西溪校区来听 课。
ydsar - 2006-5-28 23:33:00
拥护潘老师的提议,作为一个研究生,最苦恼的是学校开的课自己不想上,想上的课学校 又不开,资源应该共享,希望各位研究生导师放下自己的私心,为全市的语言学研究生提 供一个更好的发展平台。
陆丙甫 - 2006-10-11 12:35:00

十月20日开始

 

当代语言类型学导论(博士课程之一)

        陆丙甫  讲授

 

教材

1.基本教材:

《语言共性与语言类型》(沈家煊翻译,华夏出版社1989年出版)。课程提供该译本的电子版)

有兴趣有能力的学生可以同时参考第二版英文原版:

Comrie, Bernard. 1989. Language Universals & Linguistic Typology (2nd. Ed.). The University of Chicago Press。(课程提供样本去复印)。

 

2.主要补充参考教材:

一.

Greenberg, J.H. 1966. Some universals of grammar with particular reference

to the order of meaningful elements.  Universal of Language. ed. J.H. Greenberg (second edition), 73-113.  Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. 中译文“某些主要跟语序有关的语法普遍现象”(陆丙甫、陆致极译)《国外语言学》1984(2):45-60, (提供电子版)。

 

二.

刘丹青 2003 《语序类型学与介词理论》,北京:商务印书馆

特别是其中前面四章的基础理论介绍。(提供原版去复印)

 

三.

Croft, William. 2003. Typology and Universals. Second Edition, Cambridge:

University Press.  该书1990 第一版有外研社引进原文版,前面有沈家煊的导读,读起来比较容易。但第二版修改增补内容甚多,有条件的话最好能直接读第二版(提供原版去复印)

 

以上材料学生根据自己情况配合课程选择部分章节,可以帮助理解基本教材。另外,课程根据内容随时提供一些单篇论文作为补充参考资料,并作为写作学期论文的样板。

 

授课方式与具体安排

 

 

1.授课方式:

讲课讨论讲授相结合。每次3课时。总共十六次48个课时。全书11编,基本上每编讲一次。某些部分内容复杂,需要讲两次。学生课前必须充分预习,课堂上讲解以讨论和解答疑难问题。每次课轮流由一个学生先简介内容,提出不懂的地方,或自己的体会。然后讨论和讲解。

 

2.讲课地点:语言研究所外面的教室(从中间楼梯上)。

 

3.讲课时间:每星期五下午 200400

 

4考查方式:联系课程内容,完成一篇5000字以上的学术论文,如以某种或某些语言(最好是我国少数民族语言,可在《民族语文》等资料中寻找)的语料对某条语言共性进行证实或指出其例外。

该用户已被删除 - 2007-10-11 23:47:00

严重同意这位老师的建议.

真的是一位爱生的师傅啊.

谢谢!

枉入红尘 - 2008-3-23 13:54:00
一直想听潘老师的课,徒恨无缘.在下既不是潘老师您的学生,又不是上海人或在上海读书.所以只能找一些潘老师的书和文章来看,也在听潘老师您的上古音鱼部和铎部,感受挺深.不知潘老师您是否可以把您关于上古音或是音韵学课程的其他音频材料或是教学用ppt也传到网上供我们这些不能聆听您讲课的学生学习?万分感谢!
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